Biofuel notes

Biofuel is fuel which is produced through contemporary biological processes

Biofuels can be derived directly from plants,
or indirectly from agriculture or domestics.

new kinds of biofuels generally involve contemporary carbon fixation,
such as those that occur in plants or microalgae
through the process of photosynthesis.

And other new kinds of biofuels are made by conversion of biomass
such as plants or plant derived material.
Biomass can be converted to convenient energy containing substances
in three different ways:
-thermal conversion,
-chemical conversion,
-and biochemical conversion.
And these biomass conversion can result in fuel which is a solid,
a liquid, or a gas.

Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation, mainly of carbohydrates.
And is produced by the action of microorganisms and enzymes
through the fermentation of sugars or starches.
Bioethanol can be used as fuel for vehicles in its pure form,
but it is usually used as a gasoline additive to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions.

Biodiesel Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids
such as vegetable oil and soybean oil.

Biobutanol also called biogasoline can be used directly in gasoline engines.

Biogas is methane produced by the process of anaerobic digestion of organic material by anaerobes.

First generation biofuels
-Are biofuels made from food crops grown on arable land.

Second generation biofuels
-Are biofuels manufactured from various types of biomass.

Third generation biofuels
-These biofuels are made through the use of algea.
Extra: From algae that have a natural oil content greater than 50 percent.

Fourth generation biofuels
-These biofuels include electrofuels and photobiological solar fuels.
Extra: Some of these fuels are carbon neutral.